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CentOS is a free version of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system. It is built from the same source code as Red Hat and is designed to be used in a business environment. Unlike Red Hat, it does not require a license agreement to deploy or use. Most of the Linux configuration files are plain text and can be edited with either the Gedit graphical editor in GNOME or the Vi command line text editor, depending on your preference.

Graphical User Interface

1.

Double-click on the 'Home' folder on the desktop and navigate to the file you want to edit.

2.

Double-click on the file icon to open the file in the Gedit text editor.

3.

Edit the document using the mouse to navigate through the text and the keyboard to make changes.

4.

Save your changes by pressing the 'Ctrl-S' keys simultaneously or choose the 'Save' option under the 'File' menu.

5.

Close the file by clicking on the 'X' button or by choosing the 'Close' option under the 'File' menu.

Command Line

1.

Right-click on the desktop and choose the 'Open in Terminal' option from the menu that appears.

2.

Type the cd command at the command prompt, followed by the name of directory that contains the text file:

cd directory_name

3.

Type the vi command followed by the name of the file to open the file in Vi:

vi file_name.txt

4.

Use the keyboard to navigate through the file. Press 'j' to move the cursor down, 'k' to move the cursor up, 'h' to move the cursor left and 'l' to move the cursor right.

5.

Press the 'i' key to insert text into the file.

6.

Press the 'Esc' key to return to normal mode to continue navigating through the file.

7.

Type ':wq' on the keyboard to save and close the file.

Tip

  • Type ':help' while in the Vi text editor to view all of the commands available.

Centos How To Install Software

References (2)

About the Author

Kristen Waters has been writing for the computer industry since 2004. She has written training materials for both large and small computer companies as well as how-to and informative articles for many online publications. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees from both York College of Pennsylvania and the University of Maryland.

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Waters, Kristen. 'How to Edit Text Files in CentOS.' Small Business - Chron.com, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/edit-text-files-centos-52130.html. Accessed 08 June 2019.
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I have recently installed CentOS 7 (Minimal Install without GUI) and now I want to install a GUI environment in it.

How can I install Desktop Environments on previously installed CentOS7 without reinstalling it?

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3 Answers

1. Installing GNOME-Desktop:

How To Install Jupyter Notebook In Centos 7

  1. Install GNOME Desktop Environment on here.

  2. Input a command like below after finishing installation:

  3. GNOME Desktop Environment will start. For first booting, initial setup runs and you have to configure it for first time.

    • Select System language first.
    • Select your keyboard type.
    • Add online accounts if you'd like to.
    • Finally click 'Start using CentOS Linux'.
  4. GNOME Desktop Environments starts like follows.

How to use GNOME Shell?

The default GNOME Desktop of CentOS 7 starts with classic mode but if you'd like to use GNOME Shell, set like follows:

Option A: If you start GNOME with startx, set like follows.

Option B: set the system graphical login systemctl set-default graphical.target and reboot the system. After system starts

  1. Click the button which is located next to the 'Sign In' button.
  2. Select 'GNOME' on the list. (The default is GNOME Classic)
  3. Click 'Sign In' and log in with GNOME Shell.
  1. GNOME shell starts like follows:

2. Installing KDE-Desktop:

  1. Install KDE Desktop Environment on here.

  2. Input a command like below after finishing installation:

  3. KDE Desktop Environment starts like follows:

3. Installing Cinnamon Desktop Environment:

  1. Install Cinnamon Desktop Environment on here.

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    First Add the EPEL Repository (EPEL Repository which is provided from Fedora project.)
    Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL)

    • How to add EPEL Repository?

    • And now install the Cinnamon Desktop Environment from EPEL Repository:

  2. Input a command like below after finishing installation:

  3. Cinnamon Desktop Environment will start. For first booting, initial setup runs and you have to configure it for first time.

    • Select System language first.
    • Select your keyboard type.
    • Add online accounts if you'd like to.
    • Finally click 'Start using CentOS Linux'.
  4. Cinnamon Desktop Environment starts like follows.

Install

4. Installing MATE Desktop Environment:

  1. Install MATE Desktop Environment on here (You will need to add the EPEL Repository as explained above in advance).

  2. Input a command like below after finishing installation:

  3. MATE Desktop Environment starts.
Install

5. Installing Xfce Desktop Environment:

  1. Install Xfce Desktop Environment on here (You will need to add the EPEL Repository as like above in 'Cinnamon' installation before).

  2. Input a command like below after finishing installation:

  3. Xfce Desktop Environment starts.
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Rather than make use of the hacking of a startx command into a .xinitrc file, it's probably better to tell Systemd that you want to boot into a graphical GUI vs. the terminal.

To accomplish this simply do the following:

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The last bit will associate the runlevel 5 target as your default with respect to Systemd.

Doing it with Systemd

You can also use Systemd to accomplish this. This is arguably the better method since you're managing the state of the system directly through Systemd and its CLIs.

You can see what your current default target is:

And then change it to graphical:

Targets

In Systemd the targets runlevel5.target and graphical.target are identical. So too are runlevel2.target and multi-user.target.

References

slmslm
Jose Manuel Gomez AlvarezJose Manuel Gomez Alvarez

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